以公民參與視角檢視國民法官審議行為;Examining the Deliberative Behavior of Citizen Judges from the Perspective of Citizen Participation

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Title:	以公民參與視角檢視國民法官審議行為;Examining the Deliberative Behavior of Citizen Judges from the Perspective of Citizen Participation
Authors:	唐昕敬;Tang, Hsin-Ching
Contributors:	法律與政府研究所
Keywords:	公民參與;國民法官;公民參與階梯理論;Citizen Participation;Citizen Judge;Ladder of citizen participation
Date:	2024-08-21
Issue Date:	2024-10-09 15:44:21 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	國立中央大學
Abstract:	將公民參與適用在刑事案件的審判中，對於司法審判獨立性與法律專業，將產生些許矛盾與衝突，縱然國民法官制度，在最後評議時有採取投票制度，且國民法官的票數跟職業法官的票數是相等的，但就如同職業法官所說，當國民法官的判斷，如果有違反法律專業，職業法官還是會介入，詳盡告知義務，解釋給國民法官聽，去說服國民法官，取得跟自己一樣的論點，這時候就是專業化跟民主化的衝突了。甚至在投票決定判處有罪之後，量刑評議的過程，更是如此。即使職業法官普遍認為國民法官參與審判案件後，量刑有時候會比自己審判時判的還重，也讓職業法官去省思說，審理相同性質的案件時，其量刑尺度也要提升，但這與刑法的罪疑惟輕原則，或許存在些矛盾。我國國民參與審判制度係參考日本裁判員制度而制定，在國民法官案件中，由於評議時間有限，職業法官很少在量刑評議上向國民法官說明量刑基準，及量刑目的，況且重大刑事案件的量刑基準，實務也尚未建置完畢，國民法官大多為初次參與審判，每件國民法官案件審理前，法院都花很長一段時間做事前的準備工作，為的就是要讓審判程序可以更加流暢，也能提升公民參與的力道。但值得反思的是，若是重大矚目的司法案件都訴諸公民參與，對法律專業的衝擊，國家司法權下放以後，對司法審判獨立所造成的影響。 ;Applying citizen participation to the trial of criminal cases will create some contradictions and conflicts between the independence of judicial trials and the legal profession. Even though the national judge system adopts a voting system in the final review, the number of votes of national judges is different from that of professional judges. The votes are equal, but as the professional judges said, if the judgment of the national judge violates the legal profession, the professional judge will still intervene, explain the obligations to the national judge in detail, and persuade the national judge to obtain the same result as himself. Argument, this is the conflict between professionalism and democratization. This is even more true during the sentencing review process, even after a vote has been taken to convict. Even if professional judges generally believe that when national judges participate in the trial of cases, the sentences sometimes are heavier than those imposed during their own trials. This also allows professional judges to reflect on whether they are dealing with cases of the same nature and the sentencing standards should be increased. This is similar to there may be some contradictions in the criminal law′s principle of treating crime more lightly than suspect. Our country′s national participation trial system was developed with reference to the Japanese referee system. In cases involving national judges, due to limited review time, professional judges rarely explain the sentencing standards and purpose of sentencing to national judges during sentencing reviews. Moreover, the sentencing of major criminal cases, the benchmarks, and practices have not yet been established. Most of the national judges are participating in trials for the first time. Before the trial of each national judge case, the court spends a long time on preparatory work in order to make the trial process smoother and also can enhance the power of citizen participation. However, it is worth reflecting on the impact on the legal profession if major high-profile judicial cases resort to citizen participation, and the impact on the independence of judicial trials after the decentralization of national judicial power.
Appears in Collections:	[Graduate Institute of Law and Government] Electronic Thesis & Dissertation

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