以金屬空心球法製備之多孔鋁，內部孔隙為封閉式結構，具有密度低、 比強度高、抗壓縮性能好之優點。對於多孔材料而言，基地以及空間支架的 選擇對於其壓縮性質非常重要，且兩者相輔相成。本實驗將 Φ2mm316L、 Φ4mm316L、Φ2mm4605、Φ4mm4605 空心鐵球作為空間支架、A356 作為 基地，以重力鑄造法進行澆鑄，製備多孔鋁合金。透過熱處理以及對鐵球進 行改質，藉由微結構分析與壓縮試驗，探討其對壓縮性質的影響。結果顯示，經由 T6 熱處理，改變多孔 A356 合金基地中共晶 Si 之形狀，以及強化相之析出，提高了鋁合金的強度，進而提升壓縮性質。透過對於空心鐵球進行改質，使鐵球表面無法與鋁基地之元素進行反應，降低了鋁基地中富鐵相含量以及介金屬層的形成，改善了 Φ2mm316L 和 Φ2mm4605 之多孔鋁於壓縮過程時的破裂行為。;The aluminum foam is prepared using the metal hollow sphere method features a closed-cell structure, offered advantages such as low density, high specific strength, and excellent compressive performance. For porous materials, the selection of both the matrix and the space holder is crucial for their compressive properties, and the two components complement each other. In this experiment, Φ2mm 316L, Φ4mm 316L, Φ2mm 4605, and Φ4mm 4605 hollow steel spheres were used as space holder, and A356 was used as the matrix. The aluminum foam was prepared using gravity casting. Through heat treatment and modification of the steel spheres, the effects on compressive properties were investigated using microstructure analysis and compression tests. The results showed that T6 heat treatment changed the shape of eutectic Si in the aluminum foam matrix and enhanced phase precipitation, thereby increasing the strength of the aluminum alloy and improving its compressive properties. By modifying the hollow steel spheres, the surface of the spheres was prevented from reacting with elements in the aluminum matrix, reducing the content of iron-rich phases and the formation of intermetallic layers. This modification improved the fracture behavior of the Φ2mm 316L and Φ2mm 4605 aluminum foam during compression.
