| 摘要: | 合成孔徑雷達（Synthetic Aperture Radar，SAR）是一種利用雷達原理進行影像成像之技術，它能夠提供地表反射率、高程、植被覆蓋、海浪流速等特徵信息，廣泛應用於軍事、氣象、海洋、地質、城市規劃等領域。為利本項技術研究、開發及應用並為執行農委會相關計畫，中央大學前已建置了TaiSAR合成孔徑雷達空載(亦稱機載)系統，此系統係由日本三菱公司所設計，計畫執行之初雖已初步完成功能驗證，並成功實施空照、取得影像。然而因為合約驗收問題，未能移交使用單位、且原飛機載具又因降落時損壞，致使此系統多年未加使用，最終造成設備散落，軟、硬體功能損壞；後來又因資訊、電子技術進步快速，導致相關零、附件缺料、停產，增加修復難度。
為妥善高價科研設備資源的發揮，本研究致力於修復TaiSAR系統，實驗初期逐步將散落設備尋回、組裝，並針對次系統實施檢測及復原，停產及無料設備則實施替代零件、裝備更換；另進行軟體改版、升級、重新撰寫程式，終於將設備功能恢復、正常運作。其中，系統修復過程及困難克服之方法，可提供各界類似雷達系統科研、遙測儀器維修、組裝之參考；此外，為驗證修復TaiSAR系統效能與系統功能是否恢復正常，並改善傳統衛星、空載SAR系統相關限制因素、縮短測試時間，本實驗另設計將TaiSAR系統安裝於車廂載具內執行任務。實驗期間，分別赴新竹縣芎林鄉對橋樑、宜蘭頭城對龜山島進行SAR輻射實驗。其中，在芎林對橋樑實驗中雖收到信號，但較難分辨待測目標物；而宜蘭頭城對龜山島實驗中，透過可視距離等參數的調整，終於成功獲得了SAR影像；並且再經調整天線的角度進行比對，驗證影像與龜山島下寬上窄特性吻合。實驗成果除證明已經將此台機器成功修復外，並提供一個新的高機動性、節省執行任務時間、降低實驗成本之高效安全性地面驗證方式，相信可作為空載、衛星SAR設備，升空前之前置測試程序，亦可提供各單位進行合成孔徑雷達地面測試之技術參考。
;Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is a technology that utilizes radar principles for image formation. It provides information on surface reflectivity, elevation, vegetation coverage, and ocean wave velocity characteristics. SAR finds extensive applications in various fields such as military, meteorology, oceanography, geology, and urban planning. To facilitate the research, development, and to execute related projects by the Council of Agriculture, National Central University has previously established the TaiSAR airborne SAR system. Designed by Mitsubishi Corporation, the system had initially undergone preliminary functional verification, successfully conducting aerial surveys and obtaining images. However, due to contract acceptance issues, and the original aircraft platform was damaged during landing. As a result, the system remained unused for several years, leading to equipment scatter and damages to both software and hardware components. Additionally, rapid advancements in information and electronic technology resulted in material and accessory shortages and discontinued production, further increasing the difficulty of repair.
This study is dedicated to the restoration of the TaiSAR system. During the initial experiments, scattered equipment was gradually retrieved and assembled. For discontinued and missing equipment, alternative components were sourced, and equipment replacements were carried out. Furthermore, software was upgraded, and reprogrammed to finally restore the system′s functionality and normal operation. The process and methods employed in the system repair and difficulties overcome can provide valuable references for radar system research, remote sensing instrument maintenance, and assembly for various industries.
Moreover, to validate the performance and functionality restoration of the TaiSAR system, and to improve traditional satellite and airborne SAR systems′ related limiting factors, the experiment designed the installation of the TaiSAR system within a vehicle compartment to execute missions. During the experiments, SAR radiometric experiments were conducted over the Xionglin river valley in Hsinchu County and the Guishan island in Yilan County. In the Xionglin river valley experiment, although signals were received, discerning the target object proved challenging. In contrast, the Guishan island experiment successfully acquired SAR images after adjusting parameters such as the visible distance. The obtained images were then compared with the island′s characteristics through antenna angle adjustments, confirming the match between the images and the island′s wider bottom and narrower top features. The experimental results not only demonstrated the successful restoration of the TaiSAR system but also provided a new, highly mobile, time-saving, cost-efficient ground verification method. This research is believed to be suitable as a pre-launch testing procedure for airborne and satellite SAR equipment and can serve as a technical reference for conducting SAR ground tests. |
