| 摘要: | 為了使我以透明與腐敗政治為題的文化政治研究手稿更加完整，擬申請為期兩年的書寫計畫，內容如下。近年來，有關透明與腐敗政治的論述在國內外的政治場域獲得越來越多的關注。這些論述往往來自批判政府或企業的社運，其訴求為要求該政商團體能夠成立課責制。但這些論述卻被各種新自由治理主義的機構所挪用與重塑，以符合其利益。舉例來說，政府以國安問題與維護市民個人自由之名，將透明化作為加強監視與規訓一般民眾的藉口，同時也加重了針對社會邊緣族群的警治管訓，如移民、缺乏合法文件的工作者、窮人、以及種族和性別等弱勢族群。這些弱勢族群如代罪羔羊地被冠上“落後”之名，而其中“還有救的”一群則被鼓勵而掙扎著被認可為所謂的“好市民”，而非追求另類價值或挑戰現有價值觀。本書論述的是推想（speculative）文化的重要性，在於其文本呈現並探索腐敗政治與透明相對立的爭議性與複雜性。推想文本被定義為擅用認知疏離（ “cognitive estrangement”）和其他美學手法，來質疑被假定為必然的經濟現實與普世的社會價值。本書所分析的推想文本處理特定的、歷史上的自由主義困境， 而當今透明與腐敗論述的樣貌正是根源於該困境。本書所採用的論述手法則為開啟推想小說與近年以自由主義、新自由主義、透明與反腐敗為題的文化與政治理論的對話。 採用的理論包括來自南亞學界對新自由主義與反腐敗的批判，以及被稱為「批判性透明研究」的英美作品。本書目前的大綱為：緒論、四個章節、結論。在緒論的部分，我會先解釋理論文本中，腐敗和透明跟自由主義殖民歷史的基本前提；接下來我會簡短地列出以推想小說為題的文學與文化批判史，以概述透明與腐敗論述是如何系統化地影響推想論述中有關認識論與政治議題的現貌。四個章節將分別深度探討不同的推想小說是如何處理並向以下議題發問：自大英帝國殖民結束到冷戰時期和亞洲地區的美國軍國主義時期中自由主義的腐敗概念、自由化過程中亞洲的透明困境、後冷戰與新自由主義敘事中女性培力作為反腐敗的現代化力量、以及想像和執行新形式的知識體與社群的限制與可能。 ;I am applying for a two-year book project to complete my manuscript on the cultural politics of transparency and corruption. In my study, corruption and transparency do not only refer to the taken for granted, narrow definitions that immediately come to mind; on the contrary, they refer to and confer value on modes of knowledge, interpersonal relations, and governance. In recent years, discourses of transparency and corruption have circulated with increasing influence in the domestic and international political spheres. Often arising out of movements that rightfully demand accountability from government and sometimes corporate powers, increasingly the various agents of neoliberal governance appropriate and reshape these discourses to their own interests. For example, in the name of national security and the protection of citizens’ individual freedoms and property ownership, state powers mobilize transparency toward increased surveillance and discipline of the general population, with intensified forms of policing aimed at migrants, the undocumented, the poor, racialized and sexual minorities, and other vulnerable groups. This book argues that speculative cultures are important for how they represent and explore the complexities of the corruption versus transparency problematic. Speculative texts are defined as using “cognitive estrangement” and other aesthetic elements to question economic realities assumed to be inevitable and social values assumed to be universal. The speculative texts I analyze in this study critically engage specific, historical conundrums of liberalism that are at the root of the present ways in which transparency and corruption discourses are deployed. Methodologically, I make this argument by putting speculative fiction in dialogue with recent cultural and political theory on liberalism and neoliberalism, transparency and anti-corruption. This theory includes work on neoliberalism and anti-corruption from South Asia, and an Anglo-American body of work referred to as “critical transparency studies.” The book’s present outline is comprised of an introduction, four chapters, and a conclusion. The introduction will first lay out some of the basic premises of the theoretical work on corruption and transparency in relation to the colonial history of liberalism. The second part of the introduction will compile a brief genealogy of the literary and cultural criticism on speculative fiction, outlining how the epistemological and political questions asked by this criticism overlap with those raised by recent theories of corruption and transparency. The chapters will each explore in depth how selected speculative fiction texts address and raise specific sets of questions on the following issues: the concept of corruption in liberalism from the end of British colonialism to the Cold War period and US militarism in Asia; the problematic of transparency in the processes of liberalization in Asia; post-Cold War and neoliberal narratives of female empowerment as a modernizing force of anti-corruption; and limits and possibilities for imagining and enacting new forms of knowledge and community. |
