| 摘要: | 新屋永安漁港是客家漁港，這是近年客家委員會的計畫調查結果，居住於此地居民生活的客家文化是本研究的主題。公部門也在永安漁港投注了「海客文化」硬體公共建設和軟體文化活動，將此列為客家文化重點發展與節慶文化。本論文研究目的有：一、永安漁港的客家族群半農半漁生活之獨特性，二、永安漁港客家族群的飲食文化、歷史文化、祭祀信仰，三、永安漁港傳統漁業文化之石滬、海螺、牽罟文化。
研究結果發現永安漁港沿海的客家人比例佔六成五以上，原因是沿海五個里的客家居民多是福佬客，屬於永安漁港客家族群的特色。因為地理環境因素造成農獲不佳，因此農民兼做漁業，過著半農半漁的生活。永安漁港海域因為工業汙染及漁業資源短缺，形成漁業經濟沒落，轉型成觀光休閒漁業。永安漁港的海客飲食文化有客家人的醃魚文化，而祭祀信仰裡有獨特的八本簿平安戲祭祀組織。牽罟傳統漁業文化已經由公部門列入客家委員會十二大庄文化活動。
本文研究展望對於永安漁港的經濟漁業資源，需以海洋環境復育為重點，且務必落實執行，勿流於口號，才能確實的看見成效。以及公部門為永安漁港傳統漁業文化舉辦文化活動，能與私部門有良性的對應窗口，將為了讓地方繁榮的計畫方案，能善用公帑為地方發展帶來實質的效能與效益。
;This study examined the Hakka culture observed by the residents of Yon An Fishing Port, a Hakka Fishing Port in the coastal Xinwu District of Taoyuan, as a part of the research project sponsored by Hakka Affairs Council. Over the past years, the public sector has completed a number of public works and arranged a series of cultural activities to promote the century-long “Hǎikè culture” with emphasis on Hakka cultural development and Hakka festival culture. This paper focused on three topics: 1. the uniqueness of half-agriculture-half-fishery lifestyle of Hakka residents in Yon An Fishing Port, 2. the culinary culture, historic culture and religious belief of Hakka residents in Yon An Fishing Port, and 3. the connotation of traditional fishery – stacked stones, conches and seine-fishing – in Yon An Fishing Port.
According to the research results, more than 65% of residents in the coastal Yon An Fishing Port are Hakka people and most residents in the coastal boroughs are Fulao-Hakka People. This is why Yon An Fishing Port is also known as a Hakka fishing port. Coastline is not suitable for agriculture, and without sufficient farm crops, Yon An residents have to work as fishermen in their spare time. This is why Yon An residents maintain a half-agriculture-half-fishery lifestyle. In recent years, however, industrial pollution worsened and fishery resources shrank. As a result, fishery economy declined and many fishermen switched to the recreational fishing. In Yon An Fishing Port, Hǎikè culinary culture features Hakka people’s favorite food such as picked fish, religious belief features “bad bunˊpu” peace & prosperity opera, and the century-long seine-fishing has been recognized by Hakka Affairs Council as the major cultural activities for twelve Hakka villages.
Looking into the future, this study believes that the public sector has to restore Yon An Fishing Port’s economic fishery resources with emphasis on marine bioremediation. All tasks have to be executed effectively in order to energize the local economy. Secondly, the public sector has to arrange cultural activities to revitalize Yon An Fishing Port’s traditional culture and work with the private sector, making best use of the government fund and thereby energize local economy. |
