| 摘要: | 復興區是桃園市唯一的原住民行政區，本地的住民中原住民約占七成，區域人口（閩南人、客家人、外省人及新住民）約占三成，居於少數的客家族群是何時遷入？為何而來？與原住民族群互動的關係又是如何？為本研究所要探討的重點所在，而主要研究目的為一、了解在原住民行政區域中，客家族群的移墾歷程、社會及經濟的變遷與發展，二、探究客家與原住民間族群互動關係，三、探討在時代變遷下，客家人對族群的認同態度；同時經由文獻探討及透過實地的訪談，了解客家族群遷移至復興區的歷程，並從經濟、社會及政治等面向探討與原住民族群的互動關係。
經由研究發現，客家族群為了生計及經濟利益於清末日治時期即已遷移至復興區，主要分布在現今的三民、澤仁及長興等里，而政策也造成了族群邊界的生成，工具性的觀點亦形成了客家族群認同的隱顯。然而，引起原客族群紛爭的最大問題則在於土地的爭議，由於復興區多為原住民保留地，客家人對土地的運用，只有地上使用權而無所有權，常因土地爭議而造成衝突，然此為政策使然，有待政府重視，調整政策解決之；雖然在原鄉中，客家族群在土地的運用上居於弱勢，不過在產業的發展中卻扮演重要的地位，形成與原住民族群共生共榮的局面。
;The Fuxing District is the only indigenous administrative divisions in Taoyuan City. Seventy percent of residents are Indigenous people, while the other 30% of residents are Minnan, Hakka, Mainlander and new residents. When/Why do Hakka people, were moving in even though they have a small population? What is the relationship between Hakka people and Indigenous people? Those questions are the key points to explore in this research, specifically broken down into the following: One, to understand the migration of Hakka history, social and economic changes and development in indigenous administrative divisions. Two, explore the relationship between the Hakka people and Indigenous people. Three, by the old generation fading out, understand the group recognition of Hakka people; understand Hakka people was migrating in to the Fuxing District by an investigation of the historical literature and actual interviews, and explore the social relationship of Indigenous people from different aspects (Economy, society and politics etc.).
The research found out that the Hakka people have migrated into Fuxing District for livelihood and economic benefits during the Japanese occupation period in the late Qing Dynasty. Caused by policy, Hakka people were mainly spread out in Sanmin, Zeren and Changxing village, segregating them from groups to groups. The viewpoint of segregation formed Hakka’s group recognition indistinctly. However, the main controversy between them and indigenous people are land segregations. In Fuxing District, Hakka people were using lands reserved for the indigenous people without their permission. This often causes conflicts due to disputes over land, which is subject to government to pay attention to and adjust policies to solve the issues. Although Hakka people were on weak side by using the lands, yet they played an important role in the development of the industry and formed a coexistence and co-prosperity with the indigenous groups. |
